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serted in a saw-blade. Fig. 2 is' asimilar view UNITED STATE PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS H. RICHARDS, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

SAW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 352,004, dated November 2, 188 6.

Application filed January 2|, 1986. Serial No. 189,299. (No model.) I

.To all whom it may conccrm" Be it known that l, FRANCIS H. Rrcnanns, a citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Hampden, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Saws, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to improvements in that classof saws having inserted teeth, the object being to provide the saw-blade with teeth removably secured in 'the same by the improved means hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a perspective view of the preferred form of sawtooth which is adapted to be rcmovably inof the preferred form of malleable pointed wedge adapted to be used for removably securing saidsaw-toothin the saw. Fig; 3 is another similar view of said wedge having its point partially turnedpreparatory to insertion. Fig. 4 is a side view of a part of a (ircular saw embodying my improvements. Fig. 5 shows a partial section of the same in line a a, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a similar section in line b b, Fig. 4.

Similar characters the figures.

The saw-plate is designated by S. This plate has formed in it a series of sockets, B, for the reception of removable saw-teeth and means for securing the teeth therein. Said teeth are designated by T, while W isamalleable pointed wedge employed for fastening them into their sockets. Both the tooth and the wedge may be shaped in various proportions, as required by the duty' to be performed in any particular case and the nature of the materials of which the several parts are made. The proportions shown in the drawings are, however, believed to be suitable for the work for which circular saws are ordinarily used.

The socket B is readily made by first rough- 1y forming it with a punch and die, and afterward finishing the edges by a'series of milling operations. Said edges comprise in their pref erable form (shown in'Fig. 4) two tooth-hold ing sections, 2 and 3, and two wedge'holding sections, 4 and 5. The sections 2 and 3 are beveled (see Figs. Sand 6) to fit into a correspondingly-shaped groove,

designate like parts in all in the saw-tooth, this being for the purpose of holding said tooth exactly in the plane of the blade S, following the usual practice in this class of saws. V

On its rear edge the tooth T has a projection, 8, 'which fits into section 3 of the socket and serves as a lock to prevent the tooth being drawn directly out of said socket-that is, the section 3, whether formed circular, as shown, or of other shape, (as it may be,) is in the nature of what is commonly known among metal-workers as an under-cut, into which the said projection is fitted to assist locking the tooth in place. This locking device is in -the nature of an additional improvement,

which, though not essential to my invention, is considered-desirable, because giving greater security to the fastening of the tooth and re ducing the precision required in other parts. The front side of the tooth (at the right hand in the figure) is also preferably grooved, and for this I consider a concave one to be the best, as shown at 9. Into this groove fits the reversely-shaped edge 10 of wedge W, which wedge at its point or small end 11 is made malleable, so that it may be bent, without fracturing, into the incipient coil 12, Figs. 3 and 4.. Said bend is preferably made when preparing the wedges for use to facilitate the set ting operation, which is as follows: A tooth, T, is first placed in socket B in engagement with sections 2 and 3, as at X. Then the prepared wedge is put in beside the tooth, as at Y, the incipient bend 12 resting on the edge section 5, which section is also preferably concaved to correspond with the front edge, 9, of

the tooth and with the front edge, 13, of the wedge itself. Next the wedge is forced down firmly between the tooth and edge 4 into engagement with said tooth and the opposite side of the socket, while the small coil 12 increases to form coil 16, which more completely fills its part of the socket, as at Z, Fig. 4, the edge section 5 acting as a setting-die for bending the wedge-point 11 to form said coil. Thus set, the coiled wedge-point 16 forms a sort of rivet and hook to prevent the wedge from withdrawing, and also from sidewise displacement, while the wedge itself effectually blocks the removal of the saw-tooth. This result is promoted by the formation on the tooth, at the 7,'Fig. 1, formed 1 lower end of its front side, of the projection 15, coinciding with curved section 5. Said projection will obviously act as a hook beneath coil 16, to prevent any starting out of the tooth.

It should be understood that projections 8 and 15 are each employed as a means for'increasing the security or efiieiency of the fast ening, and not because either of them is indispensable. In its simplest form the tooth T may be a straight piece, as indicated by dotted line 18, Fig. 4, and held in place by the simple friction due to the pressure of the wedge or held by reason of the lower end being wider than the upper one, as there shown; or pro jectiou 15 may be omitted and the opposite one, 8, made with an outlineformed of straight lines-as, for instance, the outline shown by dotted line 20, Fig. 4; or, again, projection 8 may be omitted and the lower end of the-:

tooth shaped as indicated by dotted line 21 in the same figure. Furthermore, said projections Sand 15 may be one or both ofth'em made relatively larger or smaller than shown in the drawings, and of modified forms.

For the purpose of changing the teeth 'I. the wedges holding them are to be forcibly with drawn,and afterward the same or other wedges set,as before, to hold the teeth newly inserted. These operations of setting and removing the wedge may be readily performed by means of suitableinstruments; and l. have inventcdone such instrument which [intend shall form the subject-matter of aseparate application.

The tooth T, adapted to be locked in place by a malleable pointed wedge, and the wedge \V, adapted to be used as described for so locking the tooth are each a distinct article of manufacture and sale, to be furnished sawyers ready for use; and I intend that each of them sh Ill form the subject-matter of a separate application to be filed.

Having now described my invention, I claim 1. The combination, in a saw, of a blade having a tootlrreceiving socket, a saw-tooth in said socket and engaging with one side thereof, and a malleable pointed Wedge set in engagement with said tooth and with the other side of said socket for locking said tooth in place.

2. The combination, in asaw. of a blade having a tooth-receiving socket which has on one side thereof the sections 2 and 3, a sawtooth shaped to engage with said sections 2 and 3, and a malleable pointed wedge set in engagement with said tooth and the opposite side of said socket for locking the tooth in place.

3. The combination, in a saw, of a blade having a tooth-receiving socket, asawtooth set in said socket andengaging one side thereof, and a malleable pointed wedge engaging said tooth and the other side of said socket, said wedge being itsell' held in place by its bent point engaging with a part of the socket,

which serves as a die for the bending of said point.

FRANCIS H. RICHARDS. Witnesses:

FRANK H. PIERPONT, Cameron. E. BUCKLANI). 

